Eutomostethus ephippium is a species of common sawfly in the family Tenthredinidae.

Fruit trees, including pear, are a primary food source for the pear slug. Adults appear in early to mid-summer and begin feeding on the trees. Females also insert their eggs individually into slits in the foliage. The germination period is only two weeks, allowing the infestation to continue. It is considered a pest in private and commercial orchards.

Adorning streamlined bodies with predominant greenish hues, willow Gall Sawfly are arboreal craftsmen, expertly manipulating the leaves of their preferred willow hosts to form sheltered enclaves. As larvae, they exhibit herbivorous tendencies, selectively devouring the foliage which serves as both sustenance and sanctuary, while the adults are known for their brief, pollen-powered flights, playing unwitting roles in the pollination of their arboreal habitats.

Selandria serva is a Palearctic species of sawfly.

The impressively adaptive butternut Woollyworm is renowned for its extraordinary metamorphosis process. As a leaf miner in its early larval stage, it significantly controls the population of certain tree species by harvesting their leaves. As the larvae mature, they acquire a different role, acting as a defense controller by discouraging potential predators through the release of an unpleasant odor. Displaying diversity of function in their lifespan, butternut Woollyworm embarks on a journey impacting both flora and fauna in its environment, contributing uniquely to ecosystem dynamics.

The adults grow up to 8–11 millimetres (0.31–0.43 in) long. These quite large sawflies have a lemon-yellow abdomen with black markings. This species is very similar to Tenthredo arcuata and Tenthredo brevicornis.

Recognized by its striking coloration and patterns, figwort Sawfly flaunts a vibrant mosaic that serves as a visual deterrent to predators. Resilient through metamorphosis, juveniles differ from adults, initially consuming foliage voraciously as larvae before transitioning to a varied diet including nectar and pollen. This species plays a subtle yet pivotal role in the ecosystem, acting as both a plant consumer and a pollinator, intricately woven into the floral tapestry of its habitat.