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Oak Artichoke Gall

Andricus foecundatrix

A species of Oak gall wasps

Andricus foecundatrix (formerly Andricus fecundator) is a parthenogenetic gall wasp which lays a single egg within a leaf bud, using its ovipositor, to produce a gall known as an oak artichoke gall, oak hop gall, larch-cone gall or hop strobile The gall develops as a chemically induced distortion of leaf axillary or terminal buds on pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) or sessile oak (Quercus petraea) trees. The larva lives inside a smaller hard casing inside the artichoke and this is released in autumn. The asexual wasp emerges in spring and lays her eggs in the oak catkins. These develop into small oval galls which produce the sexual generation of wasps. A yew artichoke gall caused by the fly Taxomyia taxi also exists, but is unrelated to the oak-borne species. Previous names or synonyms for the species A. fecundator are A. fecundatrix, A. pilosus, A. foecundatrix (see below), A. gemmarum, A. gemmae, A. gemmaequercus, A. gemmaecinaraeformis and A. quercusgemmae. The scientific name is now once again Andricus foecundatrix.

General Info About Oak Artichoke Gall
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Attributes of Oak Artichoke Gall
Colors
Brown
Black
Red
Habitat
Oak; anywhere that the host trees grow
Defensive attack
Not reported
Venomous
Not reported
Non-poisonous
Not reported
Borer
Not reported
Pollinator
Not reported
Pest-Eating Predatory
Not reported
Phytophagous
Not reported
Predatory
Not reported
Biting animal or pet
Not reported
Mouthparts Type
Chewing mouthparts
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Life Cycle of Oak Artichoke Gall
Egg The oak Artichoke Gall begins life encased within a tiny, often spherical or oval-shaped egg. It is typically laid on or inside the host plant and has a protective outer layer to safeguard the developing larva.
Larva After hatching, the oak Artichoke Gall larva is worm-like, lacking wings and compound eyes. It feeds voraciously, usually within plant tissue, and undergoes several molts, increasing in size with each stage.
Pupal The oak Artichoke Gall forms a pupa, a transitional stage encased in a cocoon or in the environment. It's immobile and undergoes a profound transformation, reorganizing its structure into an adult form.
Adult Emerging from the pupa, the adult oak Artichoke Gall’s development is marked by the presence of wings and functional reproductive organs. The body is fully formed and hardened, and the adult is mobile, focusing on reproduction.
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Predators of Oak Artichoke Gall Larvae
Birds, rodents, insectivorous mammals, parasitic wasps, parasitic flies
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Predators of Adult Oak Artichoke Gall
Birds, spiders, mantis, rodents, lizards
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Interesting Facts About Oak Artichoke Gall
Oak Artichoke Gall can create complex galls on oak trees that act as both nurseries and fortresses for their young.
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Scientific Classification of Oak Artichoke Gall
Tips for Finding Oak Artichoke Gall
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Youth Habitat of Oak Artichoke Gall
Forests and Woodlands, On and Within Other Organisms
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Adult Habitat of Oak Artichoke Gall
Forests and Woodlands
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How Can You Attract Oak Artichoke Gall
Not applicable, as oak Artichoke Gall is more likely to be found on its host plant rather than being lured by food traps.
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Habitat Preferences of Oak Artichoke Gall Through Different Life Stages
The eggs of oak Artichoke Gall are deposited within the tissues of oak trees, where they hatch and the larvae induce the formation of galls. These galls, which serve as nurseries, are commonly found on the leaves, branches, or roots, depending on the species of the oak host. To locate them, one must carefully inspect the aforementioned parts of an oak tree during the spring and summer. The larval stage remains within the gall until metamorphosis is complete. Seeking the adult oak Artichoke Gall, one should observe the vicinity of oak trees, especially during the warmer months when they emerge from their galls to mate and lay eggs, often being active on the tree's canopy or on nearby vegetation.
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When is the Best Time to Observe Oak Artichoke Gall
The most suitable time to find oak Artichoke Gall varies depending on its life cycle stage. Adult oak Artichoke Gall may be most active during daylight hours, especially in warmer months.
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What is the Best Weather to Observe Oak Artichoke Gall
Dry and warm conditions are generally favorable for observing oak Artichoke Gall. Too much rain can make it difficult to find oak Artichoke Gall as they may take shelter.
Are Oak Artichoke Gall harmful?
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Harmful Effects of Oak Artichoke Gall
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Forestry Pest

When oak Artichoke Gall infests oak trees, both adults and larvae cause galls on leaves by egg-laying and feeding. Mild infestations may slightly deform leaves, whereas severe attacks can lead to abundant gall formation, hindering photosynthesis and potentially affecting tree vigor and growth. These impacts might indirectly influence forest ecosystems and commercial timber production.

More Effects of Oak Artichoke Gall

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