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Black-and-gold flat millipede

Black-and-gold flat millipede

Apheloria virginiensis

A species of Apheloria

Apheloria virginiensis is a large North American millipede. It is reported to secrete cyanide compounds as a defense. It is recommended that one wash hands after handling this organism as the toxic compounds it secretes are poisonous and can cause extreme irritation if rubbed in the eyes. Apheloria virginiensis serves as a host to the parasitic fungus Arthrophaga myriapodina, which causes infected individuals to climb to an elevated spot before death.

Toxic to Humans
Toxic to Humans
General Info About Black-and-gold flat millipede
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Attributes of Black-and-gold flat millipede
Adult Food Sources
Decaying leaves, rotting wood, dead plant material, fungus, microbial matter
Larva Food Source
Decaying leaves, rotting wood, dead plant material, fungus, organic debris
Biting/stinging
Not reported
Allergy-causing
Not reported
Defensive attack
The Black-and-gold flat millipede has special defensive behaviors that can trigger an allergic reaction. If there are serious reactions, seek IMMEDIATE medical attention.
Venomous
The Black-and-gold flat millipede can induce toxic reactions varying in severity. Nevertheless, these toxins primarily target their prey and predators and are usually not fatal to humans.
Non-poisonous
Not reported
Borer
Not reported
Pollinator
Not reported
Pest-Eating Predatory
Not reported
Phytophagous
Not reported
Predatory
The Black-and-gold flat millipede typically preys on other arthropods and does not directly affect plants.
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Species Status of Black-and-gold flat millipede
Widespread
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Distribution Area of Black-and-gold flat millipede
North America
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Predators of Black-and-gold flat millipede Larvae
Birds, small mammals, beetles, centipedes, spiders
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Predators of Adult Black-and-gold flat millipede
Birds, small mammals, reptiles, larger arthropods
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Scientific Classification of Black-and-gold flat millipede
Tips for Finding Black-and-gold flat millipede
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Youth Habitat of Black-and-gold flat millipede
Forests and Woodlands
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Adult Habitat of Black-and-gold flat millipede
Forests and Woodlands
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How Can You Attract Black-and-gold flat millipede
Decaying wood and leaf litter.
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When is the Best Time to Observe Black-and-gold flat millipede
Dusk or night, when black-and-gold flat millipede are more active and humidity is higher.
Are Black-and-gold flat millipede harmful?
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Are Black-and-gold flat millipede harmful to humans?

Black-and-gold flat millipede will not actively attack people, but it often secretes toxic liquids for self-defense when under duress. These fluids are usually acidic and irritating to the skin. In addition to causing itching and redness, even herpes and skin necrosis may occur in severe cases. It should be noted that these liquids are very harmful to the eyes and can cause blindness.
Harmful Effects of Black-and-gold flat millipede
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Toxic to Humans
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Toxic to Humans

Black-and-gold flat millipede possesses a defense mechanism that releases cyanide compounds as a deterrent to predators. While toxic, the substances do not seep out and generally pose a threat only upon ingestion. Human encounters with this toxin are considered to have mostly mild effects, causing irritation or discomfort rather than severe or long-term health issues.

More Effects of Black-and-gold flat millipede

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