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Red-pea gall

Red-pea gall

Cynips divisa

A species of Cynips, Also known as Red currant gall, Pea gall

The red-pea gall or red currant gall develops as a chemically induced distortion arising from the underside of the mid-rib of a vein on Quercus species and it is attached by a short stalk or peduncle. The red-wart gall is the sexual phase of the same species.

General Info About Red-pea gall
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Attributes of Red-pea gall
Biting/stinging
Not reported
Allergy-causing
Not reported
Defensive attack
Not reported
Venomous
Not reported
Non-poisonous
Not reported
Borer
Not reported
Pollinator
Not reported
Pest-Eating Predatory
Not reported
Phytophagous
Not reported
Predatory
Not reported
Biting animal or pet
Not reported
Mouthparts Type
Chewing mouthparts
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Distribution Area of Red-pea gall
United Kingdom
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Appearance of Red-pea gall
In appearance it is glossy and somewhat flattened sphere and from ten to fifteen or so may occur on a single leaf. The average size is 5 by 6 millimetres (0.20 in × 0.24 in) and the colouring starts as green, passing to yellow, orange and then red-brown; the season is midsummer onwards. Circular emergence holes appear in the galls.
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Predators of Adult Red-pea gall
Birds, spiders, rodents, insectivorous mammals, predatory insects such as wasps and beetles
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Interesting Facts About Red-pea gall
Red-pea gall can manipulate plant tissues to create complex structures, known as galls, which serve as both habitat and food source for its larvae.
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Scientific Classification of Red-pea gall
Class
Bugs
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Order
Bees
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Genus
Cynips
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Tips for Finding Red-pea gall
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Youth Habitat of Red-pea gall
Forests and Woodlands, On and Within Other Organisms (Parasitic)
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Habitat Preferences of Red-pea gall Through Different Life Stages
The eggs of red-pea gall are often deposited within the tissues of oak trees, where they hatch into larvae. These larvae typically reside inside galls, which are abnormal plant growths that the larvae induce on the oaks for shelter and food. For the pupal stage, red-pea gall remains within these galls, undergoing metamorphosis hidden from predators and environmental extremes. Adults emerge to look for mates primarily along the branches and leaves of oak trees. To find these various stages, search oak forests or areas with a high density of oak trees, inspecting the underside of leaves and the nooks of branches carefully for galls, which harbor the immature life stages, and scanning the foliage for the winged adults.
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When is the Best Time to Observe Red-pea gall
The best time to search for red-pea gall would be during the periods when galls are most visible and mature, often in the spring to summer months.
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What is the Best Weather to Observe Red-pea gall
Weather conditions should be mild and avoid extreme temperatures or heavy rainfall, which might disrupt the observation or lifecycle of red-pea gall.
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How and Where Can You Find Red-pea gall at Different Life Stages
Larva Red-pea gall larvae reside within the galls on host plants. To find them, examine plants known to be hosts and look for the characteristic swellings of galls, which can be opened to reveal the larvae inside.
Pupal Red-pea gall pupae will be inside the galls. Identifying and carefully opening mature galls may reveal the pupae. This should be done with care to minimize harm to the creature.
Adult Red-pea gall adults emerge from galls. Look for adults on or near host plants, especially during warm parts of the day when they are most active. Adults can be observed depositing eggs on host plants, providing an opportunity for direct observation.
Are Red-pea gall harmful?
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Harmful Effects of Red-pea gall
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Forestry Pest

When red-pea gall infests oak trees, the adults lay eggs in the tissues, leading to galls. These abnormal growths primarily damage leaves and stems. A small number can cause mild aesthetic damage, but severe infestations can lead to defoliation, weakened trees, and potential secondary infections. The galling can reduce the amenity value of forests and impact timber production.

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Hurt Plant

The red-pea gall inflicts damage on oak trees (Quercus species) by its feeding activity, specifically targeting the leaves. Infestation by this insect induces the formation of galls, which are abnormal growths on the leaves. These galls can disrupt the plant's normal growth and photosynthesis processes, potentially leading to reduced vigor and health of the affected trees.

More Effects of Red-pea gall

Beneficial Effects of Red-pea gall
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Pollinator
Pollinator
Prefer Plant Type
Oak Trees
Attract Plant Feature
Smell, Shape
Red-pea gall is a pollinator that is attracted to the smell and shape of oak tree flowers. It collects pollen primarily to feed its offspring. During the process, red-pea gall inadvertently transfers pollen from one flower to another, aiding in the fertilization and reproduction of the plants.
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