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Grape phylloxera

Grape phylloxera

Daktulosphaira vitifoliae

A species of Daktulosphaira

These almost microscopic, pale yellow sap-sucking insects, related to aphids, feed on the roots and leaves of grapevines (depending on the phylloxera genetic strain). On Vitis vinifera, the resulting deformations on roots ("nodosities" and "tuberosities") and secondary fungal infections can girdle roots, gradually cutting off the flow of nutrients and water to the vine. Nymphs also form protective galls on the undersides of grapevine leaves of some Vitis species and overwinter under the bark or on the vine roots; these leaf galls are typically only found on the leaves of American vines.

General Info About Grape phylloxera
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Attributes of Grape phylloxera
Colors
Yellow
Habitat
grape root
Adult Food Sources
Grapevine leaves, grapevine roots, grapevine sap, tender grapevine shoots
Larva Food Source
Grapevine leaves, grapevine roots, tender grapevine shoots
Biting/stinging
Not reported
Allergy-causing
Not reported
Defensive attack
Not reported
Venomous
Not reported
Phytophagous
The Grape phylloxera feeds on plants, usually without causing significant harm. However, it's important to take the situation seriously if their numbers begin to increase significantly.
Predatory
Not reported
Biting animal or pet
Not reported
Mouthparts Type
Piercing-sucking mouthparts
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Species Status of Grape phylloxera
It is regarded as the most economically important insect pest of commercial grapevines Vitis worldwide.
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Distribution Area of Grape phylloxera
Eastern North America, France
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Life Cycle of Grape phylloxera
Egg Laid usually on undersides of leaves, the egg grape phylloxera is barely visible. Initial development is within the egg shell, where the formative stages of the insect’s anatomy take place, preparing for hatching into a nymph.
Nymph Upon hatching, the nymph grape phylloxera resembles a miniature adult but lacks fully developed wings and reproductive organs. The body is softer and lighter in color. It undergoes several molts, increasing in size and developing features progressively.
Adult Emerging from the final nymphal stage, the adult grape phylloxera's wings and genitalia are fully developed. The exoskeleton is darker and more hardened to protect against environmental factors. Adults disperse, feed, and focus on reproductive behaviors.
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Adult Size of Grape phylloxera
1.2 mm
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Interesting Facts About Grape phylloxera
Grape phylloxera can clone themselves through a process called parthenogenesis, leading to vast populations without the need for male fertilization.
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Scientific Classification of Grape phylloxera
Tips for Finding Grape phylloxera
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Youth Habitat of Grape phylloxera
Agricultural and Cultivated Areas
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Adult Habitat of Grape phylloxera
Agricultural and Cultivated Areas
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How Can You Attract Grape phylloxera
Yellow sticky traps are commonly used to catch adult grape phylloxera, as they are attracted to the color and become ensnared on the adhesive surface.
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Habitat Preferences of Grape phylloxera Through Different Life Stages
Grape phylloxera nymphs hatch from eggs on the underside of grape leaves, often in the crevices or along veins, providing a sheltered environment for growth. As nymphs, they feed on the roots of grapevines, taking shelter in the soil which offers protection and a steady food source. Searching for these nymphs involves carefully digging around the vine roots. Adult grape phylloxera are typically found on grape leaves and stems, where they feed and lay eggs. Locating adults requires inspecting the foliage, particularly under leaves and around tender green shoots during the growing season.
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How and Where Can You Find Grape phylloxera at Different Life Stages
Egg Eggs of grape phylloxera are often laid on the underside of grapevine leaves. Inspect leaves carefully, using a magnifying glass if necessary, to spot the tiny, nearly invisible eggs.
Nymph Grape phylloxera nymphs are found feeding on grapevine roots. Uproot a small vine sample and examine roots for gall formations, being careful to minimize damage to the plant.
Adult Adult grape phylloxera may be found clinging to the leaves or bark of grapevines. Search by visually inspecting vines or use yellow sticky traps to capture them for identification.
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Harmful Effects of Grape phylloxera
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Agricultural Pests

When grape phylloxera infest grapevines, the nymphs and adults feed on plant fluids, causing severe damage. The roots develop nodosities, impairing nutrient uptake, while leaf galls reduce photosynthesis. In high numbers, this leads to weakened plants and potential vineyard failure, with direct implications for viticulture and associated industries.

More Effects of Grape phylloxera

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