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Cleopatra

Cleopatra

Gonepteryx cleopatra

A species of Brimstones

The Cleopatra butterfly (Gonepteryx cleopatra), also called Mediterranean brimstone butterfly, is a butterfly (butterfly) of the family White Whites (Pieridae). The specific epithet derives from Cleopatra, the beauty of the famous Egyptian queen.

General Info About Cleopatra
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Attributes of Cleopatra
Colors
Brown
Green
Habitat
woodland; scrub
Adult Food Sources
Lavandula (lavender), buddleja (butterfly bush), centaurea (knapweed), thymus (thyme), origanum (oregano)
Larva Food Source
Rhamnus alaternus (mediterranean buckthorn), frangula alnus (alder buckthorn), rhamnus cathartica (common buckthorn), rhamnus pumila (dwarf buckthorn), rhamnus saxatilis (rock buckthorn)
Biting/stinging
Not reported
Allergy-causing
Not reported
Defensive attack
Not reported
Venomous
Not reported
Non-poisonous
The Cleopatra is non-toxic and generally doesn't pose a risk to human health. No need for excessive worry.
Borer
Not reported
Pollinator
The Cleopatra is often found near the corolla, where its fluffy hairs easily pick up pollen, assisting in the pollination of the plant.
Pest-Eating Predatory
Not reported
Phytophagous
The Cleopatra feeds on plants, usually without causing significant harm. However, it's important to take the situation seriously if their numbers begin to increase significantly.
Predatory
Not reported
Biting animal or pet
Not reported
Mouthparts Type
Siphoning mouthparts
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Species Status of Cleopatra
It is native to the Mediterranean region (southern Europe, North Africa and Anatolia).
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Distribution Area of Cleopatra
Southern Europe, North Africa and Anatolia
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Appearance of Cleopatra
Gonepteryx cleopatra is a medium-sized butterfly with a wingspan of about 5 - 7 cm. It is a sexually dimorphic species - the female has pale yellow or greenish wings, the male is darker yellow with an orange patch on the forewing. Both sexes have a forewing apical hook and brown dots in the center of each wing, and the underside of wings is light greenish yellow. The greenish color, the shape and the pronounced venation on the hindwings give to these butterflies a good camouflage, making them resemble just leaves.
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How to Identify Cleopatra?

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Life Cycle of Cleopatra
Egg The initial stage is marked by the oviposition of eggs. The eggs of cleopatra are small, spherical or oval, and may vary in color. They are typically laid on host plants where they remain until hatching.
Larva Upon hatching, the larva of cleopatra is a caterpillar which molts several times, growing in size and occasionally changing in color and pattern. Its primary function at this stage is to eat and store energy for the next transformation.
Pupal Once the larva is fully grown, it develops into a pupa. The pupa of cleopatra is typically immobile and can vary in color. It is within the pupal casing that the insect reorganizes into its adult form.
Adult Emerging from the pupa, cleopatra develops wings and reproductive organs. The adult is mobile, focusing on reproduction. Compared to earlier stages, the adult possesses distinct bright colors, patterns, and a hardened exoskeleton.
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Adult Size of Cleopatra
5 - 7 cm
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Predators of Cleopatra Larvae
Birds, rodents, wasps, ants, spiders, other carnivorous insects
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Predators of Adult Cleopatra
Birds, bats, spiders, mantises, dragonflies, ants, predaceous insects
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Interesting Facts About Cleopatra
Cleopatra males have a unique ability to change the color of their wings from yellow to orange by secreting a special pigment.
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Scientific Classification of Cleopatra
Tips for Finding Cleopatra
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Youth Habitat of Cleopatra
Forests and Woodlands, Grasslands and Prairies
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Adult Habitat of Cleopatra
Forests and Woodlands, Grasslands and Prairies, Agricultural and Cultivated Areas
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How Can You Attract Cleopatra
To attract cleopatra, potential trap foods could include host plants for caterpillars, like Rhamnus species, and nectar sources for adults such as Buddleja or flowering plants commonly found in Mediterranean climates.
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Habitat Preferences of Cleopatra Through Different Life Stages
The eggs of cleopatra are typically laid on the food plant, commonly the Rhamnus species, which are found in well-lit, open areas. Caterpillars of cleopatra favor the tender leaves of these host plants in various stages of growth, usually in the same habitats as the eggs. When searching for pupae, one should inspect the undersides of leaves or hidden spots on the host plant where they camouflage as part of the plant. Adult cleopatra are often found in sunny, flowery fields and gardens, where they feed on nectar, demonstrating a preference for areas rich in food sources.
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When is the Best Time to Observe Cleopatra
The most suitable time to find cleopatra is during the warmer months from spring to autumn when caterpillars are feeding and adults are actively engaging in flight and nectar feeding.
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What is the Best Weather to Observe Cleopatra
Warm, sunny weather without strong winds is most ideal for observing cleopatra as it allows for optimal flying conditions for the adults and feeding conditions for the caterpillars.
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How and Where Can You Find Cleopatra at Different Life Stages
Egg Cleopatra eggs are usually laid singly on host plants, particularly Rhamnus species. Find them by examining the underside of leaves for small, pale eggs.
Larva Cleopatra caterpillars are green with small white dots and can be found on or near their host plants. Look for signs of feeding, such as holes in leaves or frass (caterpillar droppings).
Pupal Cleopatra chrysalises are typically found attached to stems or leaves of plants close to the ground. They can be camouflaged, so inspect the vegetation carefully.
Adult Adult cleopatra butterflies are more active on sunny days and are attracted to nectar-rich flowers. You can find them in meadows, woodland edges, or any area with abundant flowers.
Are Cleopatra harmful?
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Beneficial Effects of Cleopatra
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Explore how insects help as pollinators, pest predators, and biocontrol agents. From seed dispersal to decomposition, they play vital roles in our ecosystem.
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Pollinator
Pollinator
Prefer Plant Type
Asteraceae
Attract Plant Feature
Color, Shape
Pollination Behavior Reason
Eat Pollen Or Nectar
Cleopatra is often seen fluttering among flowers, particularly those of the Asteraceae family. Attracted by vibrant colors and distinctive shapes, they consume pollen directly and, in the process, unintentionally transfer it, aiding in the fertilization of other plants.
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