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Polychrome harp ground beetle

Polychrome harp ground beetle

Harpalus affinis

A species of Harpalus

The species is 8.5–12 millimetres (0.33–0.47 in) long and is black coloured with colourful metallic reflections on its shin. Their surface is metallic bronze, green or blue coloured.

General Info About Polychrome harp ground beetle
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Attributes of Polychrome harp ground beetle
Colors
Brown
Green
Habitat
Dry area; parkland; farmland; dune; garden; disturbed area
Adult Food Sources
Seeds, fungi, fruit, invertebrates, dead organic matter
Larva Food Source
Insect larvae, eggs of insects, small arthropods, aphids, mites
Biting/stinging
Not reported
Allergy-causing
Not reported
Defensive attack
Not reported
Venomous
Not reported
Non-poisonous
Not reported
Borer
Not reported
Pollinator
Not reported
Pest-Eating Predatory
Not reported
Phytophagous
Not reported
Predatory
Not reported
Biting animal or pet
Not reported
Mouthparts Type
Chewing mouthparts
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Distribution Area of Polychrome harp ground beetle
Harpalus affinis is present in the Palearctic realm, from Europe to Siberia. It was introduced in North America and is now present in several Canadian provinces, from British Columbia to the Maritimes. It became established in New Zealand in the mid to late 1970s.
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Life Cycle of Polychrome harp ground beetle
Egg After oviposition, the egg forms the first developmental stage. The polychrome harp ground beetle's eggs are small and vary in color depending on species, generally unseen due to their cleverly hidden placement.
Larva Upon hatching, the larvae are worm-like, lacking wings and complex eyes. They exhibit pronounced mandibles for feeding and go through several molts, growing incrementally with each instar.
Pupal This stage is a time of reorganization. Inside the pupa, the polychrome harp ground beetle is immobile and vulnerable, while tissues and organs develop into the forms necessary for adult life, including wings.
Adult Emerging from the pupa, the adult polychrome harp ground beetle's development is marked by the presence of wings and functional reproductive organs. The body is fully formed and hardened, and the adult is mobile, focusing on reproduction.
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Predators of Polychrome harp ground beetle Larvae
Birds, rodents, spiders, larger predatory insects, insectivorous mammals
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Predators of Adult Polychrome harp ground beetle
Birds, small mammals, reptiles, larger insects, spiders, amphibians
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Interesting Facts About Polychrome harp ground beetle
The polychrome harp ground beetle can communicate with conspecifics through substrate vibrations, a sophisticated method not commonly observed in many insects.
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Scientific Classification of Polychrome harp ground beetle
Tips for Finding Polychrome harp ground beetle
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Youth Habitat of Polychrome harp ground beetle
Forests and Woodlands, Grasslands and Prairies, Agricultural and Cultivated Areas
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Adult Habitat of Polychrome harp ground beetle
Forests and Woodlands, Grasslands and Prairies, Agricultural and Cultivated Areas, Urban and Suburban Areas
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How Can You Attract Polychrome harp ground beetle
Given that polychrome harp ground beetle belongs to the Carabidae family, which includes predatory ground beetles, an appropriate bait for traps might be small invertebrates or a general protein bait to attract them.
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Habitat Preferences of Polychrome harp ground beetle Through Different Life Stages
The larvae of polychrome harp ground beetle typically reside just below the soil surface or under leaf litter in a variety of habitats, including fields, forests, and gardens, where they can find ample prey and organic matter. In these settings, the larvae can avoid excess moisture and predators. Adult polychrome harp ground beetle, however, favor areas with access to both food sources, such as aphids, and mates, making open grasslands and agricultural fields common places to search for them. To find the different stages of polychrome harp ground beetle's development, one would survey the soil and under debris for larvae, while adult beetles are often found on the ground surface, especially on warm nights when they are most active.
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When is the Best Time to Observe Polychrome harp ground beetle
The best time to find adult polychrome harp ground beetle would typically be at night when they are most active. However, certain life stages such as larvae might be found during the day under rocks or logs.
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What is the Best Weather to Observe Polychrome harp ground beetle
Mild, humid weather conditions are generally suitable for finding polychrome harp ground beetle since many beetles are less active in extreme temperatures and low humidity.
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How and Where Can You Find Polychrome harp ground beetle at Different Life Stages
Larva Polychrome harp ground beetle larvae can be found in the soil or under debris such as leaves, stones, and logs. Digging gently in these areas and turning over possible shelters might reveal their presence.
Pupal Polychrome harp ground beetle pupae will likely be located underground or in secluded spots near the larval feeding grounds. Careful excavation in soil and checking under objects may help locate them.
Adult Adult polychrome harp ground beetle are often found on the move on the ground, particularly at night. Searching with a flashlight or setting up pitfall traps overnight can be an effective method to find adult polychrome harp ground beetle.
Are Polychrome harp ground beetle harmful?
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Beneficial Effects of Polychrome harp ground beetle
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Predators of Pests
Seed Dispersal
Predators of Pests
Stage
Adults, Larvae
Purpose
Feed Itself
Diets
Aphids, Caterpillars
Polychrome harp ground beetle is a predatory beetle that actively searches for prey during its adult and larval stages. Primarily, its diet consists of aphids and caterpillars. The pursuit is for sustenance, ensuring its survival. Interestingly, polychrome harp ground beetle employs a keen sense of touch and smell to locate its prey, often under the cover of darkness.
Seed Dispersal
Polychrome harp ground beetle actively participates in the seed dispersal process by inadvertently carrying seeds on their bodies as they forage and by directly consuming fruits, with seeds later being excreted away from the parent plant. This process enhances the distribution and growth potential of a variety of plants.
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