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Zebra longwing

Zebra longwing

Heliconius charithonia

A species of Longwings, Also known as Zebra longwing butterfly

The zebra longwing (Heliconius charithonia) is a beautiful butterfly that has a texture resembling a zebra. They feast and pollen and nectar, using the pollen to produce chemicals that poison predators if they are eaten, deterring most predators from attack. Unfortunately, their populations have been decimated after being caught in the crossfire of sprays meant to control mosquitos.

General Info About Zebra longwing
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Attributes of Zebra longwing
Colors
Brown
Yellow
White
Habitat
hammock; forest, edge; field
Adult Food Sources
Flower nectar, pollen from various flowers, bird droppings, rotten fruit, decaying animal matter
Larva Food Source
Passiflora oerstedii (passion flower species), passiflora menispermifolia, passiflora vitifolia, passiflora suberosa, passiflora pectinata
Biting/stinging
Not reported
Allergy-causing
Not reported
Defensive attack
Not reported
Venomous
The Zebra longwing can induce toxic reactions varying in severity. Nevertheless, these toxins primarily target their prey and predators and are usually not fatal to humans.
Non-poisonous
Not reported
Borer
Not reported
Pollinator
The Zebra longwing is often found near the corolla, where its fluffy hairs easily pick up pollen, assisting in the pollination of the plant.
Mouthparts Type
Siphoning mouthparts
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Species Status of Zebra longwing
It is found in South America, Central America, the West Indies, Mexico, south Texas and peninsular Florida. Adults sometimes migrate north to New Mexico, South Carolina, and Nebraska during the warmer months.
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Life Cycle of Zebra longwing
Egg The egg of zebra longwing is often laid on host plants and is tiny, oval, or cylindrical. Color and patterning vary but are generally adapted to blend with the substrate to avoid predation.
Larva As a caterpillar, the zebra longwing rapidly grows in size. It is elongated, with a soft body, and its primary function is feeding on host plants. It molts multiple times, with color and patterns changing with each instar.
Pupal The zebra longwing undergoes transformation inside a chrysalis. The pupa is immobile and may exhibit cryptic coloration for camouflage. Metamorphosis occurs internally as the larval structures are reorganized.
Adult The adult zebra longwing emerges with vibrant wings for flight and reproduction. It's larger than the previous stages with a slender body. The coloration serves for mate attraction and species recognition.
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Adult Size of Zebra longwing
7 - 10 cm
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Predators of Zebra longwing Larvae
Wasps, ants, spiders, birds
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Predators of Adult Zebra longwing
Birds, spiders
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Interesting Facts About Zebra longwing
Zebra longwing can remember the location of food sources and navigate back to them days later, showcasing an impressive memory rarely associated with insects.
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Scientific Classification of Zebra longwing
Tips for Finding Zebra longwing
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Youth Habitat of Zebra longwing
Tropical Rainforests
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Adult Habitat of Zebra longwing
Tropical Rainforests, Gardens and Cultivated Areas
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When is the Best Time to Observe Zebra longwing
The best time to find zebra longwing is usually during daylight hours when the sun is out, as they are diurnal and most active when it is warm and sunny, often between late morning and mid-afternoon.
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What is the Best Weather to Observe Zebra longwing
The most suitable weather for finding zebra longwing is on sunny and warm days but not excessively hot, as extremely high temperatures can cause them to seek shelter. They are less active during cloudy, overcast, or rainy days.
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How and Where Can You Find Zebra longwing at Different Life Stages
Egg To find zebra longwing eggs, inspect the undersides of host plant leaves, especially those that are caterpillar food sources. The eggs are tiny and may be laid singly or in clusters, depending on the species.
Larva Zebra longwing larvae can be found on or near their host plants. Look for signs of feeding damage on leaves or for frass (caterpillar droppings) around the base of plants, which indicate their presence above.
Pupal To find zebra longwing pupae, look near the larval host plants for chrysalises which may be attached to plant stems, leaves, or in the case of some species, placed on the ground in protected locations.
Adult Adult zebra longwing are typically found in areas rich with flower diversity where they feed on nectar. Look for them in gardens, meadows, or other open areas that receive plenty of sunlight and are free of strong winds.
Are Zebra longwing harmful?
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The zebra longwing can cause toxic reactions with a wide range of severity. However, the toxins are typically targeted at their prey and predators. They are usually not fatal to humans.

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Are Zebra longwing harmful to humans?

Some larvae of tortoiseshell butterflies feed on milkweed, which is a poisonous plant containing cardiac glycosides, so the larvae are poisonous. Although poisonous, these butterflies will not directly affect humans if not swallowed. Touching the larvae of certain tortoiseshell butterflies may cause a rash.
Beneficial Effects of Zebra longwing
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Pollinator
Pollinator
Attract Plant Feature
Color, Shape
Pollination Behavior Reason
Eat Pollen Or Nectar
Zebra longwing visits a variety of flowers, but shows a preference for certain types such as Asteraceae and passion flower vines. Attracted by vibrant colors and unique shapes, zebra longwing mainly pollinates while feeding on pollen for nourishment.
Common Questions People Also Ask
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