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Cotton bollworm

Cotton bollworm

Helicoverpa armigera

A species of Helicoverpa, Also known as Scarce bordered straw, Scarce bordered straw moth, African cotton bollworm, African bollworm moth, Cotton bollworm moth, Corn earworm moth, Tomato grub

The cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) is an insect that enjoys a lot of different food. Unfortunately for us, much of this food comes from commercial crops. They are considered a major pest of cotton, which is where they got their name. They can also attack tomatoes, alfalfa, and tobacco.

General Info About Cotton bollworm
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Attributes of Cotton bollworm
Colors
Brown
Yellow
Habitat
agricultural crop
Adult Food Sources
Flower nectar, honeydew
Larva Food Source
Leaves, stems, seeds, pod, fruit
Biting/stinging
Not reported
Allergy-causing
Not reported
Defensive attack
Not reported
Venomous
Not reported
Non-poisonous
The Cotton bollworm is non-toxic and generally doesn't pose a risk to human health. No need for excessive worry.
Borer
The Cotton bollworm can bore into the wood and may damage its structure, or even harm the health of trees. Stay alert if you frequently observe it in your house.
Pollinator
The Cotton bollworm is often found near the corolla, where its fluffy hairs easily pick up pollen, assisting in the pollination of the plant.
Pest-Eating Predatory
Not reported
Phytophagous
The Cotton bollworm feeds on plants, usually without causing significant harm. However, it's important to take the situation seriously if their numbers begin to increase significantly.
Predatory
Not reported
Biting animal or pet
Not reported
Mouthparts Type
Siphoning mouthparts
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Species Status of Cotton bollworm
It is one of the most polyphagous and cosmopolitan pest species.
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Distribution Area of Cotton bollworm
Scandinavia and other northern territories
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Appearance of Cotton bollworm
The body length varies between 1.2 cm and 2 cm with a wingspan of 3 - 4 cm. The fore wings are yellowish to orange in females and greenish-gray in males, with a slightly darker transversal band in the distal third. The hind wings are a pale yellow with a narrow brown band at the external edge and a dark round spot in the middle. The eggs are white, later becoming greenish. The larvae's colouring is variable, but mostly greenish and yellow to red-brown.
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How to Identify Cotton bollworm?

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Life Cycle of Cotton bollworm
Egg The egg is the first developmental stage of cotton bollworm. It's typically laid on host plants and varies in color and shape. Incubation leads to a larva, though the egg's size and appearance depend on the species within Noctuidae.
Larva In this stage, the larva of cotton bollworm exhibits significant growth. It tends to be worm-like with a soft body that's usually cylindrical and segmented. The larva molts several times as it grows, and colors can range from pale to vibrant.
Pupal During this stage, the cotton bollworm becomes a pupa. It's a transitional phase where the insect's body is encased in a chrysalis or cocoon. The pupa might bury itself underground or find shelter on plants. Significant transformation occurs inside.
Adult Emerging from the pupa, the adult cotton bollworm's development is marked by the presence of wings and functional reproductive organs. The body is fully formed and hardened, and the adult is mobile, focusing on reproduction.
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Adult Size of Cotton bollworm
3 - 4 cm
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Predators of Cotton bollworm Larvae
Birds, rodents, insectivorous mammals, parasitic wasps, predatory beetles
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Predators of Adult Cotton bollworm
Birds, bats, spiders, insectivorous mammals
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Interesting Facts About Cotton bollworm
Cotton bollworm caterpillars can devour a variety of crops, sometimes leading to the insect being dubbed a 'super pest' due to its resistance to many pesticides.
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Scientific Classification of Cotton bollworm
Tips for Finding Cotton bollworm
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Youth Habitat of Cotton bollworm
Agricultural and Cultivated Areas, Grasslands and Prairies
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Adult Habitat of Cotton bollworm
Agricultural and Cultivated Areas, Grasslands and Prairies, Forests and Woodlands, Urban and Suburban Areas
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How Can You Attract Cotton bollworm
Cotton bollworm is attracted to specific pheromones or can be baited with the type of plants they feed on, such as tomato, cotton, and corn plants for adults and a variety of host plant leaves for caterpillars.
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Habitat Preferences of Cotton bollworm Through Different Life Stages
The eggs of cotton bollworm are typically found on host plant foliage, especially on the undersides of leaves. Caterpillars primarily inhabit the upper portions of plants and can be located by examining buds and fruit, as well as within opened bolls or pods. Pupae generally reside in the soil at varying depths, requiring a search through soil layers. Lastly, the adults are nocturnal and are most commonly spotted around flowering plants during the night, or resting on vegetation during the day.
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When is the Best Time to Observe Cotton bollworm
Adult cotton bollworm are typically active at night, so the best time to search for them is during evening hours or at night, while caterpillars can be searched for during the daytime when they are actively feeding.
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What is the Best Weather to Observe Cotton bollworm
Cotton bollworm are likely to be found in warm conditions without extreme winds or heavy rainfall, as these could impede their flight and other activities.
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How and Where Can You Find Cotton bollworm at Different Life Stages
Egg Eggs of cotton bollworm are often laid on the underside of host plant leaves and are creamy white, later turning to a dark color. Search for them by inspecting the undersides of leaves of known host plants in the area.
Larva Cotton bollworm caterpillars can be found on or near their food sources. Look for signs of chewing on leaves and frass (caterpillar droppings) on the ground beneath host plants to locate them.
Pupal Cotton bollworm usually pupate in the soil or in plant debris. Search for pupae by carefully sifting through the top layers of soil or leaf litter around host plants.
Adult Adult cotton bollworm are moths that are active at night. They can be found using light traps, which attract them with bright light, or by setting up bait stations with pheromones or sweet attractants.
Are Cotton bollworm harmful?
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Harmful Effects of Cotton bollworm
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Agricultural Pests

Larvae of cotton bollworm cause significant damage, chewing through leaves, fruits, and seeds of crops like corn and cotton. Infestations can range from mild to severe, with extensive damage leading to yield reduction and crop failure. A large swarm may result in economic loss and food supply issues.

More Effects of Cotton bollworm

Beneficial Effects of Cotton bollworm
Discover the hidden benefits of insects
Explore how insects help as pollinators, pest predators, and biocontrol agents. From seed dispersal to decomposition, they play vital roles in our ecosystem.
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Pollinator
Pollinator
Prefer Plant Type
Yellow flowers, fruit trees, and vegetables
Attract Plant Feature
Color, Smell
Pollination Behavior Reason
Collect Pollen To Feed Offspring, Eat Pollen Or Nectar
Cotton bollworm is attracted to vibrant colors and the rich aroma of flowers. This pollinator plays a dual role, sustaining itself on pollen while also inadvertently transferring it between flowers. As it collects pollen for its offspring, cotton bollworm ensures the continuation of various plant species.
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