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Small copper

Small copper

Lycaena phlaeas

A species of Lycaena, Also known as Common copper, Small copper butterfly, Copper

Adorned with a vibrant tapestry of orange and black, the wings of small copper shimmer like burnished copper in the sunlight. The hindwings are punctuated by a row of delicate black spots, a signature design that distinguishes them from their flying brethren. With a life cycle that metamorphoses from leaf-munching larva to nectar-sipping adult, small copper evokes the wonder of transformation, playing a subtle, yet pivotal role in pollinating diverse wildflowers.

General Info About Small copper
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Attributes of Small copper
Colors
Brown
Gray
Orange
Habitat
chalk downland; heathland; woodland clearing; churchyard; waste ground
Adult Food Sources
Asteraceae family flowers (daisies, asters, etc.), brassica species flowers, sedum species (stonecrop), lotus corniculatus (bird's-foot trefoil), thymus species (thyme)
Venomous
Not reported
Non-poisonous
The Small copper is non-toxic and generally doesn't pose a risk to human health. No need for excessive worry.
Borer
Not reported
Pollinator
The Small copper is often found near the corolla, where its fluffy hairs easily pick up pollen, assisting in the pollination of the plant.
Pest-Eating Predatory
Not reported
Phytophagous
The Small copper feeds on plants, usually without causing significant harm. However, it's important to take the situation seriously if their numbers begin to increase significantly.
Predatory
Not reported
Biting animal or pet
Not reported
Mouthparts Type
Siphoning mouthparts
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Species Status of Small copper
It is widespread and common across Europe, Asia, and North America, and also found in North Africa south through to Ethiopia.
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Life Cycle of Small copper
Egg The egg stage is the beginning of the small copper's life cycle, where the eggs are usually laid on plants. They are tiny, oval-shaped, and initially may show a distinct color, which can change right before hatching.
Larva During the larva stage, the small copper resembles a caterpillar, with a primary goal of eating to fuel growth. It's elongated, with various patterns and colors for camouflage and several instar phases, each ending with molting.
Pupal Transitioning from larva to adult, the small copper enters the pupa stage, where it's typically immobile and encased within a chrysalis. Its body is undergoing dramatic transformation, reorganizing into the adult insect structure.
Adult Emerging from the pupa, the adult small copper's development is marked by the presence of wings and functional reproductive organs. The body is fully formed and hardened, and the adult is mobile, focusing on reproduction.
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Adult Size of Small copper
Wingspan 2.5 cm
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Predators of Small copper Larvae
Araneae (spiders), formicidae (ants), vespidae (wasps), mantodea (praying mantises), aves (birds)
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Predators of Adult Small copper
Araneae (spiders), aves (birds), mantodea (praying mantises), odonata (dragonflies)
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Interesting Facts About Small copper
The small copper can remember the location of nectar sources using their internal 'solar compass' to navigate.
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Scientific Classification of Small copper
Tips for Finding Small copper
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Youth Habitat of Small copper
Forests and Woodlands, Grasslands and Prairies, Urban and Suburban Areas, Agricultural and Cultivated Areas
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Habitat Preferences of Small copper Through Different Life Stages
The eggs of small copper are typically found on the underside of sorrel or dock leaves. Caterpillars reside within the shelter of silk-tied leaves of the host plants, feeding primarily at night. Pupae can be discovered in a chrysalis form fastened to a leaf or stem, often close to the ground. Adult small copper primarily frequent meadows, fields, and open habitats, where they actively flutter around in sunlight, visiting a variety of flowers for nectar. Searching for each stage involves inspecting the host plants in suitable habitats. One must closely examine the undersides of leaves and silk shelters for eggs and larvae, and scrutinize stems and the base of plants for pupae. Observing adults requires visiting open, flower-rich areas during sunny weather.
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When is the Best Time to Observe Small copper
The best time to look for small copper is during the daytime, especially mid-morning or late afternoon when they are most active and temperatures are moderate.
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What is the Best Weather to Observe Small copper
Sunny and calm days are ideal for finding small copper since they prefer to fly and feed in the warmth and sunlight and are less active in windy or rainy conditions.
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How and Where Can You Find Small copper at Different Life Stages
Egg Small copper eggs are likely to be found on the underside of the host plants' leaves. Gently check these areas without disturbing the vegetation.
Larva Small copper larvae are typically found on or near their host plants. Look for them by examining the leaves, stems, and flowers for signs of feeding damage.
Pupal Small copper pupae can often be found attached to the host plants or hidden in nearby debris. Carefully inspect these areas, taking care not to harm the pupae.
Adult Small copper are attracted to colorful flowers and open sunny spaces. Look for them in meadows, fields, and gardens where they may be feeding on nectar.
Are Small copper harmful?
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Beneficial Effects of Small copper
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Explore how insects help as pollinators, pest predators, and biocontrol agents. From seed dispersal to decomposition, they play vital roles in our ecosystem.
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Pollinator
Pollinator
Prefer Plant Type
Yellow Flowers, Asteraceae
Pollination Behavior Reason
Collect Pollen To Feed Offspring
Small copper is an adept pollinator, fluttering among flowers, especially yellow ones and members of the Asteraceae family. It's drawn to blooms by their vibrant colors and distinct shapes. While foraging for pollen, small copper inadvertently transfers it, aiding in the reproductive process of plants.
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