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Wallace's golden birdwing

Wallace's golden birdwing

Ornithoptera croesus

A species of Ornithoptera

The wallace's golden birdwing is an endangered species of butterfly endemic to only a small portion of Indonesia on the Maluku or Moluccas islands. They are most likely endangered due to habitat loss as well as the mass use of insecticides. Despite this, they are commonly found in wet and humid environments.

General Info About Wallace's golden birdwing
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Attributes of Wallace's golden birdwing
Colors
Brown
Black
Yellow
Orange
Habitat
wet lowland environment; swamp
Adult Food Sources
Flower nectar from various species
Larva Food Source
Aristolochia spp. leaves
Biting/stinging
Not reported
Allergy-causing
Not reported
Defensive attack
Not reported
Venomous
Not reported
Non-poisonous
Not reported
Borer
Not reported
Pollinator
The Wallace's golden birdwing is often found near the corolla, where its fluffy hairs easily pick up pollen, assisting in the pollination of the plant.
Mouthparts Type
Siphoning mouthparts
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Species Status of Wallace's golden birdwing
Near Threatened
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Predators of Wallace's golden birdwing Larvae
Birds, ants, spiders, wasps
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Predators of Adult Wallace's golden birdwing
Birds, spiders, praying mantises, lizards
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Interesting Facts About Wallace's golden birdwing
Wallace's golden birdwing can smell with their antennae, using them to detect pheromones or chemicals emitted by plants over great distances.
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Scientific Classification of Wallace's golden birdwing
Tips for Finding Wallace's golden birdwing
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How Can You Attract Wallace's golden birdwing
Adult wallace's golden birdwing may be lured using bait traps with fermented fruit or fish to attract them for easier observation and study.
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Habitat Preferences of Wallace's golden birdwing Through Different Life Stages
The eggs of wallace's golden birdwing are usually deposited on the underside of host plant leaves, primarily Aristolochia species, in its native habitats, which include the Maluku Islands in Indonesia. Caterpillars are found munching on these leaves, where they undergo their development, whereas pupae typically suspend themselves from plant stems or leaves in more secluded areas to evade predators during their vulnerable pupation stage. Adult wallace's golden birdwing prefer to dwell in and around rainforests where they can find abundant nectar sources for feeding, and the males are often seen around hilltops involved in territorial displays. If searching for these insects, one would inspect the specific host plants for eggs and caterpillars, search along forest edges or clearings for pupae, and visit flowering plants or hilltops to observe the adults.
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When is the Best Time to Observe Wallace's golden birdwing
Active searching for wallace's golden birdwing should ideally occur during daylight hours when they are most active, especially in the mornings or on sunny days when temperatures are suitable for their activity.
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What is the Best Weather to Observe Wallace's golden birdwing
Finding wallace's golden birdwing is best attempted in warm, dry weather, as wet conditions can reduce their activity and make some stages of their life cycle less visible.
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How and Where Can You Find Wallace's golden birdwing at Different Life Stages
Egg Wallace's golden birdwing eggs are typically laid on the host plants that the caterpillars will feed on. To find them, inspect the undersides of leaves on these specific plants for small, rounded eggs.
Larva Wallace's golden birdwing caterpillars are often found on or near their food source, the host plants. Search for chewed leaves or frass (caterpillar droppings) as indicators of their presence and inspect the leaves and stems of the host plant for the caterpillars.
Pupal Wallace's golden birdwing chrysalides are usually well-camouflaged and can be found suspended from the underside of leaves or branches, or sometimes on the ground among leaf litter. Look for them in the vicinity of known host plants or where caterpillars have been spotted.
Adult Adult wallace's golden birdwing are typically most active on sunny days and can be found feeding on nectar from flowers, basking in the sun, or flying in areas where host plants are abundant. Observing in these areas can lead to sightings.
Are Wallace's golden birdwing harmful?
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Are Wallace's golden birdwing harmful to humans?

They are not a poisonous butterfly, but they have a special gland that secretes bad smells and chemicals.
Harmful Effects of Wallace's golden birdwing
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Hurt Plant

The larval stage of wallace's golden birdwing can cause a range of damage from mild to severe, depending on their population. These caterpillars chew on leaves indiscriminately, leading to defoliation and weakened plant vigor.

More Effects of Wallace's golden birdwing

Beneficial Effects of Wallace's golden birdwing
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Explore how insects help as pollinators, pest predators, and biocontrol agents. From seed dispersal to decomposition, they play vital roles in our ecosystem.
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Pollinator
Pollinator
Attract Plant Feature
Color
Wallace's golden birdwing is known to be a vibrant contributor to pollination. While indulging in their quest for nectar and pollen, they inadvertently transport pollen from one flower to another, thus fulfilling their role in the reproduction of flowering plants.
Common Questions People Also Ask
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