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Spangle

Spangle

Papilio protenor

A species of Swallowtails

Papilio protenor is a butterfly from the family of the pages (Papilionidae). The scientific name of the species was first validly published in 1775 by Pieter Cramer.

General Info About Spangle
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Attributes of Spangle
Colors
Black
Red
Blue
Habitat
citrus
Adult Food Sources
Flower nectar, pollen
Larva Food Source
Citrus leaves, rutaceae family plants
Biting/stinging
Not reported
Allergy-causing
Not reported
Defensive attack
Not reported
Venomous
Not reported
Non-poisonous
The Spangle is non-toxic and generally doesn't pose a risk to human health. No need for excessive worry.
Borer
Not reported
Pollinator
The Spangle is often found near the corolla, where its fluffy hairs easily pick up pollen, assisting in the pollination of the plant.
Pest-Eating Predatory
Not reported
Phytophagous
The Spangle feeds on plants, usually without causing significant harm. However, it's important to take the situation seriously if their numbers begin to increase significantly.
Predatory
Not reported
Biting animal or pet
Not reported
Mouthparts Type
Siphoning mouthparts
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Species Status of Spangle
It is a butterfly from the Australasia / Indomalaya (Australia) ecozone and Palaearctic (Asia) ecozone. It is common and not threatened.
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Distribution Area of Spangle
Northern Pakistan, Jammu, Kashmir, Garhwal Himalaya, Sikkim, Assam, Bangladesh, Burma, southern China, northern Vietnam, northern Laos, North Korea, South Korea, Japan
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Life Cycle of Spangle
Egg The spangle starts its life as an egg. The eggs are often round or oval and can be laid singly or in clusters, usually on the host plant leaves. Color and size vary but generally are microscopic and camouflaged.
Larva Spangle in the larval stage is commonly known as a caterpillar. This stage is characterized by rapid growth, which involves several molts. Larvae are typically cylindrical, with various patterns and colors for camouflage or warning.
Pupal As spangle enters pupation, it forms a chrysalis. During this stage, transformation occurs where tissues are broken down and reorganized. The pupa is immobile and can exhibit colors that blend with the surroundings.
Adult Emerging from the pupa, the adult spangle's development is marked by the presence of wings and functional reproductive organs. The body is fully formed and hardened, and the adult is mobile, focusing on reproduction.
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Adult Size of Spangle
10 - 21 cm
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Predators of Spangle Larvae
Ants, wasps, birds, rodents, spiders
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Predators of Adult Spangle
Birds, spiders, praying mantises, small mammals
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Interesting Facts About Spangle
Spangle can drink from muddy puddles to extract minerals essential for reproduction.
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Scientific Classification of Spangle
Tips for Finding Spangle
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Youth Habitat of Spangle
Forests and Woodlands, Grasslands and Prairies, Agricultural and Cultivated Areas
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Adult Habitat of Spangle
Forests and Woodlands, Grasslands and Prairies, Agricultural and Cultivated Areas, Urban and Suburban Areas
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How Can You Attract Spangle
Adult spangle may be attracted to a variety of flowers for nectar. As caterpillars, they may be found on host plants specific to their species.
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Habitat Preferences of Spangle Through Different Life Stages
In the egg stage, spangle eggs are typically found on the underside of host plant leaves. Caterpillars, the larval stage of spangle, are commonly located on host plants, where they feed on the leaves. The chrysalis stage is usually found in more protected areas on or near the host plants, such as under leaves or branches, or in the crevices of bark. Adult spangle are most often seen fluttering around nectar sources like flowers in open, sunny areas, as well as sipping mineral-rich moisture from wet ground or mud.
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When is the Best Time to Observe Spangle
The best time to find adult spangle is usually on warm, sunny days when they are most active. For caterpillars, time of year will vary based on the life cycle but is often in the growing season of their host plants.
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What is the Best Weather to Observe Spangle
Sunny and calm weather conditions are generally best to find adult spangle, as they are less active in cooler, windy, or rainy conditions. For finding eggs or caterpillars, less dependence on weather, but still avoid inclement weather that could make searching difficult or risky.
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How and Where Can You Find Spangle at Different Life Stages
Egg Eggs of spangle are often laid on the underside of leaves of the host plant. To find them, carefully inspect the selected plant species for small, round or oval eggs.
Larva Spangle caterpillars can be found on or near their host plants. Look for signs of feeding damage on leaves or frass (caterpillar droppings) around the plant to locate them.
Pupal Pupae of spangle may be attached to the host plant or in nearby debris. Search the base of plants and the surrounding area for spangle's chrysalis, which can often resemble a leaf or twig as camouflage.
Adult Adult spangle are typically found flying in areas with abundant flowers or basking in sunlight. Visit flowering gardens, meadows, or edges of forests during sunny times to observe or capture these butterflies.
Are Spangle harmful?
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Usually, the spangle won't threaten or hurt humans. But remember that even a worm will turn. Remember to still be cautious.

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Are Spangle harmful to humans?

They are not a poisonous butterfly, but they have a special gland that secretes bad smells and chemicals.
Beneficial Effects of Spangle
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Explore how insects help as pollinators, pest predators, and biocontrol agents. From seed dispersal to decomposition, they play vital roles in our ecosystem.
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Pollinator
Pollinator
Attract Plant Feature
Color, Shape
Pollination Behavior Reason
Eat Pollen Or Nectar
Spangle serves as a pollinator during its foraging for nectar. While adults are attracted to flowers through visual cues like color and shape, they inadvertently collect and transfer pollen. Their pollination is a byproduct of their search for food.
Common Questions People Also Ask
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