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Hoary comma

Hoary comma

Polygonia gracilis

A species of Commas, Also known as Zephyr comma, Zephyr anglewing

The wings have a distinctive ragged edge.

General Info About Hoary comma
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Attributes of Hoary comma
Colors
Brown
Black
Gray
Habitat
foothill; treeline woodland streamside; brushland
Adult Food Sources
Aster species, solidago species (goldenrod), buddleja species (butterfly bush), echinacea species (coneflower), sedum species (stonecrop)
Larva Food Source
Urtica dioica (stinging nettle), ulmus species (elm), salix species (willow), ribes species (currant), betula species (birch)
Non-poisonous
The Hoary comma is non-toxic and generally doesn't pose a risk to human health. No need for excessive worry.
Borer
Not reported
Pollinator
Not reported
Pest-Eating Predatory
Not reported
Phytophagous
The Hoary comma feeds on plants, usually without causing significant harm. However, it's important to take the situation seriously if their numbers begin to increase significantly.
Predatory
Not reported
Biting animal or pet
Not reported
Mouthparts Type
Siphoning mouthparts
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Life Cycle of Hoary comma
Egg The eggs of hoary comma are typically laid on host plants. They are minute and can be of various shapes, often featuring ribbed surfaces. The coloration may blend with the foliage to avoid predation.
Larva Upon hatching, the larva of hoary comma emerges as a caterpillar. It exhibits a segmented body with a distinctive pattern and coloration for camouflage or warning. It's focused on feeding and rapid growth, molting multiple times.
Pupal The caterpillar of hoary comma then forms a pupa, undergoing a quiescent phase. Sheltered in a cocoon or chrysalis, it's immobile and may mirror its environment in color and texture as it transforms internally.
Adult Emerging from the pupa, the adult hoary comma’s development is marked by the presence of wings and functional reproductive organs. The body is fully formed and hardened, and the adult is mobile, focusing on reproduction.
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Adult Size of Hoary comma
3.5 - 6 cm
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Predators of Hoary comma Larvae
Birds, mammals, invertebrates like spiders and ants
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Predators of Adult Hoary comma
Birds, mammals, reptiles, larger insects
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Interesting Facts About Hoary comma
Hoary comma can enter a hibernation-like state called diapause, allowing them to survive harsh winter conditions.
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Scientific Classification of Hoary comma
Tips for Finding Hoary comma
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How Can You Attract Hoary comma
For hoary comma, their attraction to fermented fruits and flower nectar can be utilized as bait for traps.
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Habitat Preferences of Hoary comma Through Different Life Stages
The eggs of hoary comma are typically laid on the underside of host plant leaves. Caterpillars emerge and continue to reside on or near their host plants, feeding on the leaves. As they develop into chrysalides, they often select sheltered areas on or near the host plants, like the underside of leaves or branches. Adult hoary comma, upon emergence, are commonly found in a variety of habitats including woodlands, fields, and gardens, where they feed on nectar from flowers and are known to bask in sunny areas.
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When is the Best Time to Observe Hoary comma
Hoary comma are most active on warm, sunny days, as these conditions are preferable for their flight and feeding. Early morning or late afternoon are typically the best times to view or capture hoary comma, when they are less alert and slower, making them easier to approach.
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What is the Best Weather to Observe Hoary comma
Clear, sunny weather with mild winds is ideal for finding hoary comma, as such conditions are most conducive to their flight activity. Overcast or rainy days may result in fewer hoary comma sightings, as they prefer to stay inactive and hidden during poor weather conditions.
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How and Where Can You Find Hoary comma at Different Life Stages
Egg Hoary comma eggs are usually laid on the underside of host plant leaves. To find them, inspect host plants by looking at the leaf bottoms for tiny, spherical objects that are often laid singularly.
Larva Hoary comma caterpillars are found on or near the host plants, which they consume. Identify the correct host plants, then look for chewed leaves, frass (caterpillar droppings), or the caterpillars themselves, which may be camouflaged among the foliage.
Pupal Hoary comma chrysalises are commonly attached to structures or plants near the host plants. Searching near the ground in sheltered, undisturbed areas or even on the sides of buildings can yield sightings. The chrysalises may resemble dead leaves or other natural debris to provide camouflage.
Adult Adult hoary comma can be found in flowery fields, woodland edges, and gardens where they feed on nectar. Look for colorful, fluttering insects during warm and sunny days. They may also be attracted to rotting fruit, so setting up a bait station with overripe bananas or other fruit can be effective.
Are Hoary comma harmful?
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Usually, the hoary comma won't threaten or hurt humans. But remember that even a worm will turn. Remember to still be cautious.

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Are Hoary comma harmful to humans?

Some larvae of tortoiseshell butterflies feed on milkweed, which is a poisonous plant containing cardiac glycosides, so the larvae are poisonous. Although poisonous, these butterflies will not directly affect humans if not swallowed. Touching the larvae of certain tortoiseshell butterflies may cause a rash.
Harmful Effects of Hoary comma
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Hurt Plant

Hoary comma larvae feed on various plants, often chewing leaves and causing defoliation. The extent of damage ranges from mild to severe, potentially leading to reduced photosynthesis and stunted growth.

More Effects of Hoary comma

Beneficial Effects of Hoary comma
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Explore how insects help as pollinators, pest predators, and biocontrol agents. From seed dispersal to decomposition, they play vital roles in our ecosystem.
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Pollinator
Pollinator
Pollination Behavior Reason
Eat Pollen Or Nectar
Hoary comma is attracted to flowers primarily through visual cues such as vivid coloration. While feeding on the pollen, hoary comma inadvertently collects and transfers pollen, aiding in the fertilization of other plants. Often observed flitting from bloom to bloom, hoary comma plays a subtle yet vital role in the ecosystem.
Common Questions People Also Ask
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