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Black hairstreak

Black hairstreak

Satyrium pruni

A species of Satyrium

With a preference for sunny, sheltered areas, black hairstreak exhibits a striking seasonal dimorphism, donning different colors and patterns between spring and summer generations. In its larval stage, it closely mimics the appearance of the blackthorn buds it feeds on, while adults are known for their elusive, rapid flight when disturbed, often returning to the same perch. A specialized mutualism has evolved with certain ants, offering protection to the larvae in exchange for a sweet secretion.

General Info About Black hairstreak
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Attributes of Black hairstreak
Colors
Brown
Black
White
Orange
Habitat
Hedge; shrub-rich grassland; bright riparian forest; coppice forest; garden; floodplain forest; broad-leaved forest; grazing land
Adult Food Sources
Achillea (yarrow), centaurea (knapweed), thymus (thyme), origanum (marjoram), eupatorium (hemp agrimony)
Larva Food Source
Prunus spinosa (blackthorn), prunus domestica (wild plum), prunus cerasifera (cherry plum), prunus padus (bird cherry), prunus avium (wild cherry)
Biting/stinging
Not reported
Allergy-causing
Not reported
Defensive attack
Not reported
Pest-Eating Predatory
Not reported
Phytophagous
Not reported
Predatory
Not reported
Biting animal or pet
Not reported
Mouthparts Type
Siphoning mouthparts
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Distribution Area of Black hairstreak
The butterfly is native to Europe, from Scandinavia to Ukraine, and is found as far east as Mongolia, Korea and Japan. It is considered by IUCN to be stable and of least concern.
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Predators of Black hairstreak Larvae
Birds, ants, wasps, spiders
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Predators of Adult Black hairstreak
Birds, rodents, mantis, spiders
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Interesting Facts About Black hairstreak
Black hairstreak's larvae engage in a mutualistic relationship with ants, secreting a sweet substance to attract the ants which in turn offer protection against predators.
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Scientific Classification of Black hairstreak
Tips for Finding Black hairstreak
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Youth Habitat of Black hairstreak
Forests and Woodlands
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Habitat Preferences of Black hairstreak Through Different Life Stages
The eggs of black hairstreak are typically deposited on or near the host plants, with a preference for the undersides of leaves or in bark crevices for protection. During the larval stage, black hairstreak caterpillars are commonly seen on the leaves of the host plants, feeding and growing until they are ready to pupate. Searching for black hairstreak larvae involves inspecting these plants and looking closely at the leaves. The pupae may be found in sheltered places on or near the host plants, such as in leaf litter or under loose bark. To find the black hairstreak pupae, one must examine these potential hiding spots with attention to detail. Adult black hairstreak, however, are typically found in areas abundant with nectar sources, such as flowering fields or meadows, where they feed and mate. Locating adults requires visiting such habitats and observing the flying insects.
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When is the Best Time to Observe Black hairstreak
The suitable time to find black hairstreak would likely depend on its life cycle. Adult black hairstreak may be best searched for during daylight hours on sunny days when they are most active, particularly in the morning or late afternoon. The larval stage might be more detectable after hatching when they are actively feeding on host plants.
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What is the Best Weather to Observe Black hairstreak
For adult black hairstreak, weather that is warm and dry with little to no wind is ideal, as these conditions promote active flight and feeding behaviors. For the larval and pupal stages, weather conditions may be less critical, but a lack of extreme temperatures can be important for their successful development.
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How and Where Can You Find Black hairstreak at Different Life Stages
Egg Black hairstreak eggs are often deposited on specific host plants. Search for clusters of small, round eggs on the undersides of host plant leaves.
Larva Black hairstreak caterpillars can be found on or near their host plants. Look for signs of feeding, such as chewed leaves, and inspect both sides of leaves for the presence of caterpillars.
Pupal Black hairstreak chrysalises might be hidden within the vegetation or under leaves close to the ground. They can also be attached to stems or leaves of the host plant or nearby structures. Search methodically through potential sites, being careful not to disturb them.
Adult Black hairstreak adults are more mobile and are often found feeding on nectar plants. Look for black hairstreak in sunny areas with abundant flowers or along woodland edges where they might be basking or seeking mates.
Are Black hairstreak harmful?
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Beneficial Effects of Black hairstreak
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Explore how insects help as pollinators, pest predators, and biocontrol agents. From seed dispersal to decomposition, they play vital roles in our ecosystem.
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Pollinator
Pollinator
Prefer Plant Type
Prunus
Pollination Behavior Reason
Accidental Contamination While Feeding On Nectar
Black hairstreak flutters from flower to flower, sipping nectar with its long proboscis. It is attracted by the vibrant colors and appealing shapes of flowers, especially those of Prunus plants. In the process, black hairstreak becomes an inadvertent courier of pollen, contributing to plant reproduction.
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